Behandeling van Eczeem na Antibiotica - Effectieve Strategieën en Tips

Interne Therapie

Aciclovir (z.B. Zovirax) i.v. (Dosis: 5 mg/kg Kg/Tag, bei immunsupprimierten Patienten 10 mg/kg KG/ alle 8 h) über 5-8 Tage. Bei wenig ausgedehnten Befunden kann eine orale Therapie mit Aciclovir 5mal/Tag 200 mg in Abständen von 4 Std. ausreichend sein. Alternativ Famciclovir (Famvir Filmtbl.) 3mal/Tag 250 mg.

Schwangerschaft: Laut Studien konnte kein Anhalt für eine fruchtschädigende Wirkung von Aciclovir nachgewiesen werden. Daher wird trotz fehlender Zulassung nach individueller Risikobewertung eine Therapie in der Schwangerschaft befürwortet ( Off-Label-Use!).

Bei bestehender Aciclovir-Therapieresistenz oder bei immunsuppressiver Erkrankung Foscarnet (Foscavir) 3mal/Tag 40 mg/kg KG als 1stündige Tropfinfusion.

Bei bakterieller Superinfektion (meist Staphylococcus aureus) Antibiotika wie Flucloxacillin (z.B. Staphylex) 3-4mal/Tag 0,5-1,0 g p.o. oder i.m. oder Dicloxacillin (z.B. InfectoStaph) 4mal/Tag 0,5-1,0 g p.o. oder Erythromycin (z.B. Erythromycin Wolff) 4mal/Tag 500 mg/Tag. Sobald als möglich Antibiose nach Antibiogramm.

Evtl. Therapieversuch mit Immunglobulinen (s.a.u. IVIG) oder Immunstimulantien (z.B. Isoprinosine, Dosis: 6-8 Tbl./Tag p.o.), insbes. zur Prophylaxe.

Over-the-Counter Topical Antibiotic Ointments

Over-the-counter topical antibiotic ointments are ointments applied directly to the skin to treat minor injuries, scrapes, and burns. The term “over-the-counter” means that they can be bought without a prescription, and they are available for purchase at most drug and grocery stores. These ointments work to kill bacteria, so they are used to treat and prevent bacterial skin infections.

Common antibiotic ingredients in OTC topical antibiotic ointments include:

• Bacitracin
• Neomycin
• Polymyxin B

Some OTC antibiotic ointments include a combination of these ingredients. Depending on their specific use, some products contain other ingredients, like an anesthetic (for numbing) or petrolatum. (Scientists dissolve an ointment’s ingredients in petroleum jelly so you can apply it.) It is important to review the potential side effects and drug interactions before trying any new medication, including those available over the counter.

OTC Topical Antibiotics and Eczema

Because eczema is not a bacterial infection, OTC topical antibiotic ointments are not recommended for treating eczema itself. Topical treatments for eczema (both OTC and prescription) include ointments, lotions, and moisturizers that usually include ingredients like hydrocortisone and others that regulate the immune system in the skin. For severe eczema, injected or oral medications may be prescribed.

Eczema-Related Skin Infections

There are situations when it is possible to have both eczema and a bacterial infection. The National Eczema Society notes that skin infections happen often in people with eczema. Eczema often damages the outermost layer of the skin, making it more prone to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.

Intense scratching from eczema symptoms also makes the skin more prone to infection. Open skin scratches and wounds can become infected with bacteria, including staphylococcus, the bacteria that causes staph infection. If an infection develops, a doctor may recommend topical antibiotics.

“I’m back on antibiotics as my eczema has become infected! So frustrated and so, so itchy,” posted a MyEczemaTeam member.

• Shampoo
• Perfume
• Metal (jewelry)
• Laundry detergent
• Soap
• Makeup
• Paint

Effectiveness

Treating eczema-related skin infections with OTC topical antibiotic ointments may also not be the most effective treatment option. There is some research exploring the value of treating infections with OTC topical antibiotics.

One research study examined children with eczema and skin infections who lived in the U.K. Researchers found that using topical antibiotic ointments, in addition to the standard treatment for eczema (emollient cream and topical corticosteroids), did not show additional wound healing benefits.

What common irritants can trigger an eczema flare?

Common irritants that may trigger an eczema flare include :

• dust, which can carry dust mites
• food allergens, such as eggs, peanuts, soy, and wheat
• chemicals, such as household cleaners
• cosmetics products‌, including soaps
• certain fabrics, such as acrylic and wool
• humidity

When eczema occurs, an infection can result if there is a break in the skin, such as due to scratching.

Doctors can often treat the causes of infected eczema with prescription medications. Depending on what is causing the infection, treatments may include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungal medication, anti-inflammatory creams, or steroid injections.

Once a person remedies the underlying cause of their eczema infection, they can then take steps to prevent a reoccurrence.

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi can infect patches of eczema if there are open wounds or sores.

When this happens, a person’s eczema may become inflamed and sore to the touch. They may also experience more severe symptoms, such as dizziness and fever, depending on what caused the infection.

Doctors can treat most causes of infected eczema with prescription medications, creams, and injections. The quicker a person treats infected eczema, the better the outcome.

People can reduce their risk of infected eczema by keeping their skin moisturized and not scratching eczema patches. These actions help keep the skin intact, preventing infection from outside sources.

Verlauf/Prognose

Die Mortalität des Eccema herpeticatum, bedingt durch Virämie und multiples Organversagen, lag vor der Einführung von Aciclovir im Jahre 1977 noch bei 10-50%.

Für Zugriff auf PubMed Studien mit nur einem Klick empfehlen wir Kopernio

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