Behandeling van Eczeem na Antibiotica - Effectieve Strategieën en Tips

OTC Topical Antibiotics and Eczema

Because eczema is not a bacterial infection, OTC topical antibiotic ointments are not recommended for treating eczema itself. Topical treatments for eczema (both OTC and prescription) include ointments, lotions, and moisturizers that usually include ingredients like hydrocortisone and others that regulate the immune system in the skin. For severe eczema, injected or oral medications may be prescribed.

Eczema-Related Skin Infections

There are situations when it is possible to have both eczema and a bacterial infection. The National Eczema Society notes that skin infections happen often in people with eczema. Eczema often damages the outermost layer of the skin, making it more prone to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.

Intense scratching from eczema symptoms also makes the skin more prone to infection. Open skin scratches and wounds can become infected with bacteria, including staphylococcus, the bacteria that causes staph infection. If an infection develops, a doctor may recommend topical antibiotics.

“I’m back on antibiotics as my eczema has become infected! So frustrated and so, so itchy,” posted a MyEczemaTeam member.

• Shampoo
• Perfume
• Metal (jewelry)
• Laundry detergent
• Soap
• Makeup
• Paint

Effectiveness

Treating eczema-related skin infections with OTC topical antibiotic ointments may also not be the most effective treatment option. There is some research exploring the value of treating infections with OTC topical antibiotics.

One research study examined children with eczema and skin infections who lived in the U.K. Researchers found that using topical antibiotic ointments, in addition to the standard treatment for eczema (emollient cream and topical corticosteroids), did not show additional wound healing benefits.

Over-the-Counter Topical Antibiotic Ointments

Over-the-counter topical antibiotic ointments are ointments applied directly to the skin to treat minor injuries, scrapes, and burns. The term “over-the-counter” means that they can be bought without a prescription, and they are available for purchase at most drug and grocery stores. These ointments work to kill bacteria, so they are used to treat and prevent bacterial skin infections.

Common antibiotic ingredients in OTC topical antibiotic ointments include:

• Bacitracin
• Neomycin
• Polymyxin B

Some OTC antibiotic ointments include a combination of these ingredients. Depending on their specific use, some products contain other ingredients, like an anesthetic (for numbing) or petrolatum. (Scientists dissolve an ointment’s ingredients in petroleum jelly so you can apply it.) It is important to review the potential side effects and drug interactions before trying any new medication, including those available over the counter.

What common irritants can trigger an eczema flare?

Common irritants that may trigger an eczema flare include :

• dust, which can carry dust mites
• food allergens, such as eggs, peanuts, soy, and wheat
• chemicals, such as household cleaners
• cosmetics products‌, including soaps
• certain fabrics, such as acrylic and wool
• humidity

When eczema occurs, an infection can result if there is a break in the skin, such as due to scratching.

Doctors can often treat the causes of infected eczema with prescription medications. Depending on what is causing the infection, treatments may include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungal medication, anti-inflammatory creams, or steroid injections.

Once a person remedies the underlying cause of their eczema infection, they can then take steps to prevent a reoccurrence.

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi can infect patches of eczema if there are open wounds or sores.

When this happens, a person’s eczema may become inflamed and sore to the touch. They may also experience more severe symptoms, such as dizziness and fever, depending on what caused the infection.

Doctors can treat most causes of infected eczema with prescription medications, creams, and injections. The quicker a person treats infected eczema, the better the outcome.

People can reduce their risk of infected eczema by keeping their skin moisturized and not scratching eczema patches. These actions help keep the skin intact, preventing infection from outside sources.

Verlauf/Prognose

Die Mortalität des Eccema herpeticatum, bedingt durch Virämie und multiples Organversagen, lag vor der Einführung von Aciclovir im Jahre 1977 noch bei 10-50%.

Für Zugriff auf PubMed Studien mit nur einem Klick empfehlen wir Kopernio

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2. Bunce PA et al. (2013) Grover's disease secondarily infected with herpessimplex virus and Staphylococcus aureus: case report and review. Australas J Dermatol 54:88-91
3. De Benedetto A et al. (2011) Reductions in claudin-1 may enhance susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 infections in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 128: 242-246 e5.
4. Garg G et al.(2012) Psoriasis Herpeticum due to Varicella Zoster Virus: A Kaposi's Varicelliform Eruption in Erythrodermic Psoriasis. Indian J Dermatol 57:213-214
5. Gupta M et al. (2012) Unusual complication of vemurafenib treatment of metastatic melanoma: exacerbation of acantholytic dyskeratosis complicated by Kaposi varicelliform eruption. Arch Dermatol 148:966-968
6. Howell MD et al. (2006) Cathelicidin deficiency predisposes to eczema herpeticum. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006,117(4):836-41.
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10. Rappersberger K (1999) Infektionen mit Herpes-simplex- und Varizella-Zoster-Viren in der Schwangerschaft. Klinische Manifestation bei Mutter, Fötus und Neugeborenen - therapeutische Optionen. Hautarzt 50: 706-714
11. Sanderson IR et al. (1987) Eczema herpeticum: a potentially fatal disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 294(6573):693-694.
12. Moustafa GA et al. (2022) Facial Eczema Herpeticum. J Pediatr 248:126.
13. Walker D et al. (2012) A painful eruption in a woman with Darier disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 67:1089-1990
14. Wolf R, Tamir A, Weinberg M et al. (1992) Eczema herpeticatum induced by sun exposure (letter). Int J Dermatol 31: 298-299
15. Wollenberg A et al. (2002) Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: a new cutaneous dendritic cell subset with distinct role in inflammatory skin diseases. J Invest Dermatol 119(5):1096-1102.
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Enterovirus

It presents with fluid-filled lesions that turn into ulcers and then scab over. This condition mainly affects children.

This poxvirus belongs to the Molluscipoxvirus family of viruses and can cause molluscum contagiosum. People with eczema are at a higher risk of this kind of infection.

That said, this infection usually causes small, harmless skin bumps. These only become a problem if you scratch them and introduce a secondary bacterial infection.

The two main fungal infections that can affect eczema are candida and ringworm.

The symptoms may be difficult to distinguish from the eczema itself and may include rashes, scaling, lesions or pustules, and soreness or itchiness.

Ringworm is more recognizable because of the ring-shaped affected skin.

The way you treat infected eczema depends on whether it was caused by a virus, bacteria, or fungi. Viral infections may be treated with antiviral medications or allowed to heal themselves.

Antibiotics are used in bacterial infections. Mild bacterial-infected eczema is treated with a topical antibiotic first. A steroid cream may also be used to reduce inflammation.

Oral antibiotics are reserved for more severe cases of infected eczema. They’re also used for infections that have spread to other parts of your body.

A fungal infection may also be treated with steroids. It’s treated with topical antifungal creams as well.

Some people prefer using natural treatments in addition to prescription medications. This is due to the long-term side effects of steroids, such as thinning skin.

You may consider the following natural treatments, as well as the pros and cons of each:

• rosemary extract for Staph. aureus
• herbal remedies for eczema flares like aloe vera, chamomile, and others
• probiotics , to offset gastrointestinal side effects from antibiotics
• natural soaps and creams with emollients to decrease skin inflammation