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Bij een aangetoonde allergie voor kwik in amalgaam, waarbij de lichen planus grenst aan de vullingen, kan vervanging van de vulling door composiet het probleem oplossen.
Data openly available in a public repository that issues datasets with DOIs.
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Lichen planus. Photo courtesy of Dr. Justin Finch, University of Connecticut Department of Dermatology.
Lichen planus. Photo courtesy of Dr. Justin Finch, University of Connecticut Department of Dermatology.
Lichen planus. Photo courtesy of Dr. Justin Finch, University of Connecticut Department of Dermatology.
LP affects patients of all ages, but up to 95% of all cases occur in adults, with most patients presenting between the third and sixth decades of life (Bilgili et al., 2012). While LP is generally considered an adult disease, 5 to 10% of cases do occur in children (Kumar et al., 1993, Luis-Montoya et al., 2005), the majority of which are reported in India (Handa and Sahoo, 2002, Kanwar and De, 2010, Kumar et al., 1993, Pandhi et al., 2014, Sharma and Maheshwari, 1999). In the childhood population, onset is more common in school-aged children, with mean reported age ranging from 7 to 11.8 years old, though infantile cases have rarely been reported (Balasubramaniam et al., 2008, Handa and Sahoo, 2002, Kanwar and De, 2010, Luis-Montoya et al., 2005, Nanda et al., 2001, Nnoruka, 2007, Pandhi et al., 2014, Walton et al., 2010).
The high proportion of cases reported among these populations suggests a genetic susceptibility for LP. This idea is further supported by cases of familial LP, reported in 1 to 4.3% of childhood LP series (Kanwar and De, 2010, Nanda et al., 2001). However, familial cases have not been reported in all series, and specific antigens have yet to be determined. Pathogenicity of LP lesions involves the autoimmune-mediated lysis of basal keratinocytes by CD8 + lymphocytes, though definitive etiological triggers are still unknown. Case reports in both adults and children have shown an association between LP and the following: chronic liver diseases such as chronic active hepatitis (particularly hepatitis C) and primary biliary cirrhosis, complication of hepatitis B vaccination, viral and bacterial antigens, trauma (via the Koebner phenomenon), metal ions, medications, and a variety of autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, thymoma, and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy (Luis-Montoya et al., 2005, Pandhi et al., 2014).
Je nach der klinischen Morphologie und dem Verteilungsmuster kann der Lichen planus wie folgt unterteilt werden:
Klassifikation nach Verteilungsmuster:
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Klassifikation nach klinischem Erscheinungsbild: