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Eliminating the source of repetitive trauma is the most important and effective method of treatment and prevention of KPs. Some cases may require behavioral or psychological intervention. Modification of occupational or recreational activities should be sought if these are the source of the repetitive trauma. As some KPs resolve spontaneously, removal of the stimulus may be all the treatment that is needed.
Addition of protective barriers such as gloves, casts, or splints may be necessary. Silicone sheets have been shown to decrease the size of KPs and also may act as a protective barrier against external trauma.
Keratolytics such as urea have been shown to decrease the size of lesions. Salicylic acid preparations have not been proven as effective as urea, but a trial may be warranted due to their low side effect profile.
Potent topical steroids may be tried because of their low side effect profile, though KPs have shown little response to this modality.
Surgery may be indicated, especially if there is functional impairment caused by KPs, although there is risk of hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation, resulting in cosmetic issues or decreased range of motion after surgery due to scarring.
Solid carbon dioxide treatment has also been shown to decrease lesion size, but this treatment also can be quite painful.
Knuckle pads are rare harmless subcutaneous nodules that must be differentiated from joint disease of the proximal interphalangeal or rarely of the metacarpophalangeal joints as well as from other masses of the paraarticular tissues. We present a case of an otherwise healthy 36-year-old woman presenting with bilateral knuckle pads located at the dorsal aspect of the proximal interphalangeal joints. No predisposition to a specific musculoskeletal disorder was noted. Ultrasound revealed well-delimited subcutaneous hypoechoic masses without internal flow signals at color Doppler. Histology showed proliferation of myofibroblasts with a decrease of elastic filaments in the deep dermis. The clinical picture, the family history in addition to the histology allowed us to make the diagnosis of knuckle pads. We present the ultrasound findings of knuckle pads and discuss the differential diagnosis of a “swelling” in the dorsal region of proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints.
Keywords: knuckle pads, nodules, joints, Dupuytren's disease, musculoskeletal system, ultrasoundEs ist eine erblich bedingte Erkrankung. Da es noch keine kausale Therapie gibt, kann diese Erkrankung unabhängig des Operationserfolgs jederzeit wieder auftreten.
Die Untersuchung ist entscheidend, um für den Patienten die beste Therapie festlegen zu können. Deshalb sollte der Patient im Vorgespräch in der Sprechstunde seine Schmerzen bzw. Funktionsdefizite bestmöglich schildern.
Um das Infektionsrisiko so weit wie möglich zu reduzieren, sollte die Haut gut gereinigt und gepflegt sein. Hautaufwerfungen sollten trocken sein. Die Fingernägel sollten so kurz wie möglich geschnitten sein, da die Hautkeime vor allem in diesen Regionen vorkommen. Nagellack und weitere kosmetische Nagelveränderungen müssen vor der Operation aus den oben genannten Gründen entfernt werden. Die Schulterregion und Achsel an der zu operierenden Hand sollte ebenfalls gereinigt und unverletzt sein, weil dort die Betäubung i.d.R. gesetzt wird. Die Nadelung erfolgt in lokaler Betäubung direkt in der Hohlhand. Wenn ein zweitätiger stationärer Aufenthalt erfolgt, sollte entsprechend Kleidung, persönliche Hygieneartikel und vor allem die eigenen Medikamente für z.B. Bluthochdruck, Diabetes, Schilddrüse usw. mitgebracht werden, um eine reibungslose Versorgung zu garantieren.